1969 to 1971

While the actual break in at the Watergate didn’t occur until June 1972, the seeds of the scandal were planted in the early years of Nixon’s first term (and a case could be made they go back even farther).

Key Events

  • The creation of The Plumbers
  • The Pentagon Papers are released causing the White House to become more aggressive in stopping leaks and investigating enemies
  • The White House taping system is installed by Alexander Butterfield
  • Mark Felt/Deep Throat moves up in the FBI ranks giving him complete access to all investigations

“They’re gonna beat the (expletive) out of some of these people.”

Bob Haldeman

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January to June 16 ’72>>

1969

Spring 1969

John Ehrlichman hires former New York City policeman and Nixon bodyguard, Jack Caulfield, to establish an investigations unit for the White House.

Friday, May 09, 1969

The New York Times reveals the secret bombing campaign of Cambodia which infuriates the White House and Henry Kissinger. This results in the FBI using electronic surveillance on members of the press.

Tuesday, July 01, 1969

At the urging of Tom Huston from the White House, the IRS creates the Special Services Staff (SSS) to investigate White House enemies. Over the next year it compiles information on 1000 institutions and 4000 people.

1970

Tuesday, March 03, 1970

Pat Buchanan suggests the SSS investigate the Ford Foundation and Brookings Institution for tax exemptions that favored the Democratic party.

Thursday, June 25, 1970

Tom Huston presents a plan for far-reaching domestic surveillance to various heads of intelligence agencies. Most in the White House are receptive, but FBI Director J Edgar Hoover is not.

Summer 1970

President Richard Nixon approves the Huston Plan, but his attorney general cancels it five days later. The situation furthers the tensions between the White House and the FBI.

1971

Early Feb 1971

Alexander Butterfield, President Nixon’s deputy assistant, begins the installation of a recording system for Nixon to ensure the full breadth of his presidency is captured. The existence of the system is only known to Bob Haldeman, Higby, Nixon, and the Secret Service agents working on the system.

Tuesday, February 16, 1971

The White House taping system is activated and continues for nearly two and half years, ending on July 12, 1973.

May 1971

Bob Haldeman tells President Nixon that Charles Colson plans to hire some “thugs” to attack protestors saying, “They’re gonna beat the (expletive) out of some of these people.” The President replies they would “go in and knock their heads off.”

Sunday, June 13, 1971

The New York Times publishes the first of what become known as “The Pentagon Papers” detailing the US government’s involvement in Vietnam. An infuriated Henry Kissinger demands the leaker be found. This leads to Haldeman assigning Jack Caufield the task of investigating the source.

Monday, June 14, 1971

Kissinger’s rage infects Nixon who fears such leaks could damage his foreign policy goals.

Friday, June 18, 1971

As Attorney General John Mitchell takes the New York Times to court to prevent any more of the Pentagon Papers from being published, the Washington Post, then a paper without a national presence, begins publishing additional pages from the Pentagon Papers.

Sunday, June 27, 1971

Donald Segretti meets with Alex Shipley and asks if he’d be interested in working with him to help sabotage the Democrats in the upcoming primaries.

Wednesday, June 30, 1971

After the Supreme Court rules in favor of the press’s right to publish the Pentagon Papers, a furious President Nixon asks Charles Colson to plug the leaks no matter what it takes.

Thursday, July 01, 1971

W. Mark Felt is promoted to the No 3 position in the FBI by J Edgar Hoover.

Early July 1971

After the Pentagon Papers release, Nixon demands someone break into the Brookings Institute to retrieve papers he believes are damaging to him. Charles Colson enlists Jack Caulfield to help with the planning. One option was firebombing the building and masquerading as firemen arriving to the scene to gain access. Caulfield approaches John Dean about it who in turn asks Ehrlichman to call it off.

Monday, July 12, 1971

Robert Mardian meets with Nixon to discuss logs of wire taps of media and members of the National Security Council by Henry Kissinger. The President tells him to give the logs to Ehrlichman for review to ensure there are no concerns that could impact the White House. Later that same day, Ehrlichman starts thinking about a team to plug any future leaks.

Saturday, July 17, 1971

Not trusting J Edgar Hoover and the FBI to investigate leaks, Ehrlichman taps a White House aide named Egil “Bud” Krogh, Jr to lead a new investigative team charged with learning who was behind the leak of the Pentagon Papers. He would be joined by David Young, a young advisor of Kissinger, as well as E. Howard Hunt. This group would collectively be known by another name – The Plumbers. Their secretary is named Kathy Chenhow whose home would serve as a mailing address for any bills connected to the group.

Monday, July 19, 1971

Segretti asks a still unconvinced Shipley to help him recruit other lawyers. Segretti says they aren’t going to be doing anything illegal and it could actually turn out to be a fun time.

Late July 1971

G. Gordon Liddy joins The Plumbers.

Friday, July 23, 1971

The Plumbers hold their first official meeting.

Saturday, July 24, 1971

Nixon demands that government employees take polygraph tests about the leaks of the Pentagon Papers. Hoover sends Mark Felt to assist them.

Monday, August 09, 1971

Nixon tells Haldeman he’s concerned the Plumbers won’t be willing to do what it takes .

Wednesday, August 11, 1971

Ehrlichman approves a covert operation to obtain files on Daniel Ellsberg, the source of the Pentagon Papers, from his psychiatrist Lewis Fielding under the assurance that nothing is traceable back to the White House.

Monday, August 16, 1971

John Dean prepares a memo to bring order to the President’s growing list of political enemies that has been compiled since the early months of Nixon’s term. The list is dubbed the “Political Enemies Project” by those working on it. The goal of the list is to identify people who have in some way wronged the President and determine how the White House could use “the available federal machinery to screw our political enemies.”

Wednesday, August 25, 1971

Hunt and Liddy fly to California to begin surveilling Lewis Fielding, Ellsberg’s psychiatrist.

Thursday, August 26, 1971

Hunt and Liddy enter the Fielding’s office building and con a cleaning woman into letting them into his office to get an understanding of its layout.

Friday, August 27, 1971

Ehrlichman writes to Colson regarding the Hunt/Liddy Special Project #1 saying he’d like to see a game plan the next week.

Late August 1971

The New York Times reports that Mark Felt is the likely successor to J Edgar Hoover.

Wednesday, September 01, 1971

Krogh tells Hunt and Liddy they have approval for the burglary of Fielding’s office. Hunt has already recruited Bernard Barker and Eugenio Martinez to join them. Both of them previously worked with Hunt during his work with the CIA and the Bay of Pigs ten years earlier.

Friday, September 03, 1971

Hunt and Liddy oversee the burglary of Ellsberg’s psychiatrist in hopes of finding something to discredit him. They come back empty handed, but ransacked the office hoping to give the appearance it was someone looking for drugs.

Friday, October 08, 1971

Nixon confirms his decision from the previous summer to give the wire tap logs from the fallout of the Cambodia bombing to Ehrlichman.

Saturday, October 09, 1971

Nixon learns of the failed break in attempt from Ehrlichman who leaves out most of the key details to keep the President mostly in the dark.

Friday, October 22, 1971

Liddy submits a memo suggesting the change of leadership at the FBI should take place sooner rather than later. Nixon is impressed by the memo.

Friday, October 22, 1971

Krogh tells Liddy his next project is to oversee a significant intelligence gathering program at the behest of the Committee to Re-Elect the President.

Saturday, October 23, 1971

Segretti contacts Shipley for the last time after Shipley continues to ignore Segretti’s invitations.

December 1971

The White House learns that a member of the National Security Council has been leaking information from Kissinger to the Joint Chiefs of Staff. When it is suggested the FBI tap the man’s phone, Krogh begins to question the activities and is promptly removed from the group by Ehrlichman and the taps are ordered anyway.

Monday, December 06, 1971

Liddy becomes general counsel at the Committee to Re-Elect the President. His new role allows him to continue to work on intelligence gathering as well as partner with Dean on the Political Enemies Project. With Krogh and Liddy gone, the Plumbers end their brief existence.

Late December 1971

After the head of security for CRP is removed for questionable activity at a holiday party, he is replaced by former CIA officer James W McCord.

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January to June 16 ’72>>