May & June 1973

While the actual break in at the Watergate didn’t occur until June 1972, the seeds of the scandal were planted in the early years of Nixon’s first term (and a case could be made they go back even farther).

Key Events

  • Formation of The Plumbers
  • The Pentagon Papers

“They’re gonna beat the (expletive) out of some of these people.”

Bob Haldeman

<<April ’73

July through September ’73>>

1973

Early May 1973

Attorney General Richardson reviews the Fielding break-in operation and finds it too similar to the Watergate burglary to be considered separate. Hunt and Liddy were involved in both and had ties to White House involvement.

Early May 1973

Dean and Dash meet several times as Dean tells his version of the events in hopes of getting immunity. Dash is impressed by the level of detail and find Dean’s story of Watergate just being the end of years of similar incidents very convincing.

Tuesday, May 01, 1973

At the White House briefing, Ziegler apologizes to the Post and Woodward and Bernstein. “When we are wrong, we are wrong…but…” A reporter cuts him off saying, “Now don’t take it back, Ron”. Woodward calls Ziegler and thanks him.

Wednesday, May 02, 1973

Nixon and Ehrlichman have their last official meeting. Nixon asks him if he had known about the break in at Daniel Ellsberg’s psychiatrist’s office in 1971. Ehrlichman acknowledges that he did.

Thursday, May 03, 1973

Nixon vacations in Key Biscayne to rest following the last few hectic days. Haldeman recommends Alexander Haig succeed him as Nixon’s Chief of Staff.

Friday, May 04, 1973

Although initially reluctant, Alexander Haig is persuaded by Nixon and becomes Chief of Staff.

Friday, May 04, 1973

Haldeman and Ehrlichman appear before the Senate and claim they were never involved in any Watergate related activities or discussions. Both put the blame on Dean.

Friday, May 04, 1973

Weicker presents Dash with a memo of his latest conversation with Dean that lays out all the gory details of GEMSTONE.

Saturday, May 05, 1973

Newsweek reports that Dean will testify of two situations leading him to believe Nixon was aware of the cover up. The first in September when the President thanked Dean for doing such a great job. The second in December when Ehrlichman told Dean the President had approved executive clemency for Hunt.

Saturday, May 05, 1973

Haig asks J Fred Buzhardt to come work with him to help the President.

First Week of May

During his first week on the job, Buzhardt comes across a summary from June 23, 1972 where Haldeman says it’s the President’s wish that the FBI stop their investigation since the five burglars have been arrested. Nixon tells Buzhardt it was all national security related, but Buzhardt is skeptical.

Tuesday, May 08, 1973

As the Senate committee planned the order of witnesses, Senator Baker suggests starting with the burglars and then moving on to the President’s staff with Dean going last. He says Dean going last will prevent the others from having to answer to any of Dean’s accusations. Ervin says he’s going to follow Dash’s advice to use a different order.

Thursday, May 10, 1973

Mitchell and Stans are indicted in the Vesco campaign donation case.

Friday, May 11, 1973

All charges against Daniel Ellsberg related to the Pentagon Papers are dismissed.

Monday, May 14, 1973

Acting FBI Director William Ruckelshaus announces that logs for wiretaps searching for news leaks had been located in John Ehrlichman’s White House office safe. An FBI source tells Woodward some of the taps were authorized by Henry Kissinger.

Monday, May 14, 1973

After several weeks of investigating Ruckelshaus confronts Felt about his leaks. Felt denies it, but Ruckelshaus tells him he’s out.

Tuesday, May 15, 1973

Mark Felt submits his resignation from the FBI.

Mid May 1973

Confirmation hearings for Elliott Richardson begin. He is initially relucted to commit to a special prosecutor to investigate Watergate, but it’s made clear that an independent investigator will be a requirement.

Wednesday, May 16, 1973

Felt/Deep Throat tells Woodward their lives are in danger and they need to be on the lookout for electronic surveillance by the CIA. Senator Baker, a member of the Watergate committee, is reporting back to the White House. The President threatened Dean that any revelations would land him in jail. Mitchell was involved in intelligence gathering early on and then expanded it to many others. Caulfield told McCord he’d only have to spend 11 months in jail and then would receive clemency and threatened his life if he didn’t cooperate. The Watergate cover up was less about Watergate and more about protecting the overall covert operation. Hunt blackmailed the President for money with everyone involved pitching in. Dean has documents that will reveal many details.

Thursday, May 17, 1973

After Woodward relays Felt/Deep Throat’s revelations to Bernstein, they decide to tell Bradlee immediately. They visit their boss at 2am and Bradlee says they’ll meet with the editors in the morning to determine their plan.

Thursday, May 17, 1973

The Post publishes a round up of numerous activities stemming back several years including Senator Eagleton’s health records arriving in Ehrlichman’s office before they were leaked and Haldeman ordering an FBI investigation of Daniel Schorr of CBS.

Thursday, May 17, 1973

The Senate Judiciary Committee convenes publicly for the first time

Thursday, May 17, 1973

A Dean associate confirms most of what Deep Throat had told Woodward. He also says Dean told Nixon it would take $1 million to deal with Hunt’s blackmail, and the President said that wouldn’t be a problem.

Thursday, May 17, 1973

Seymour Hersh of the New York Times reports with extensive details about the Nixon administration’s original wiretap requests, many of which were signed by Kissinger.

Friday, May 18, 1973

McCord takes the stand and repeats the claims he made to Sirica months earlier that he’d been offered clemency in exchange for keeping quiet. He also recounts his meetings with Caulfield. When asked why it took so long for him to come forward, he says “Because it involved directly the President.” Caulfield and Ulasewicz later confirm McCord’s account. Caulfield says he believes any messages he carried came from the top. Ulasewicz admits to obstructing justice. Senators Baker and Gurney both try to discredit McCord’s testimony as heresy and Caulfield as doing the work when he didn’t even work at the White House while this was going on.

Friday, May 18, 1973

Richardson announces if he’s confirmed he’ll appoint Archibald Cox as special prosecutor. One key stipulation for Cox to accept is that he can only be fired by Richardson himself.

Monday, May 21, 1973

Mitchell and Stans plead not guilty to the Vesco case charges.

Monday, May 21, 1973

The Senate Foreign Relations Committee releases a memo from Vernon Walters of the CIA where Haldeman implicated Nixon in the attempt to get Walters to speak to the FBI about the break in. Haldeman denies the President had any involvement in the cover up.

Tuesday, May 22, 1973

After several drafts from Garment, Buzhardt, Haig, and Pat Buchanan, the White House releases a lengthy statement through Garment where the President claims he did not take part or have any knowledge of the cover up, did not offer clemency or hush money, did not attempt to implicate the CIA, was not aware of the break in at Ellsberg’s psychiatrist, and did not encourage illegal campaign activities (although he does admit knowledge of the existence of The Plumbers). He reverses his position from the previous month now saying he would not invoke executive privilege for any criminal activity committed by members of the administration. Garment is berated by reporters who ask questions he refuses answer.

Thursday, May 24, 1973

Richardson is confirmed as Attorney General.

Thursday, May 24, 1973

Nixon asks Haig and later his family if he should resign. His daughters immediately reject the idea.

Thursday, May 24, 1973

Bernard Barker testifies that he believed the break-in would lead to the Cuba’s liberation, but admits “I do not pretend to have all the answers.”

Friday, May 25, 1973

The New York Times reports Magruder cut a deal to plead guilty and cooperate.

Thursday, May 31, 1973

Richardson directs Archibald Cox, the new special prosecutor, to investigate all possible offenses of the Nixon administration.

Late May & Early June 1973

Archibald Cox assembles his team and they begin meeting with various people to get up to speed. When meeting with Henry Peterson, the assistant attorney general, Peterson says the President told him he could hear a tape of what Dean actually told him. Cox is surprised by this seemingly out of the blue revelation.

Early June 1973

Bernstein learns from a source that Colson wanted to start a fire at The Brookings Institution. Caulfield panicked and told Dean who flew to California to see Ehrlichman. Ehrlichman was unhappy Dean was involved, but agreed to call the whole thing off. There were documents the White House needed in the building, but didn’t think they could break in so a fire seemed the next best option. Colson denies the report.

Sunday, June 03, 1973

The lead story in the Post and New York Times claims Dean will testify that Nixon was deeply involved in the cover up and was aware that the cost to buy the burglary defendants silences could reach $1 million and that Nixon wasn’t not concerned about paying that.

Monday, June 04, 1973

Nixon requests tapes from Steve Bull of conversations he had in the previous few months with Dean. He tells Haig and Ziegler some conversations, particularly March 21, could be problematic. Both of the President’s men tell him he has nothing to worry about. Ziegler, in particular, feels most of the guilt falls on Mitchell and Magruder. They decide to let Dean tell his side of the story before giving any responses.

Monday, June 04, 1973

Nixon summons Buzhardt and goes over his notes of the tapes. Privately, Buzhardt is not as confident as others that Dean can’t make a solid case against the President.

Monday, June 04, 1973

Cox asks Ervin to suspend the Senate hearings fearing that the hearings would be problematic for any future trials.

Tuesday, June 05, 1973

After a two week break, the hearings resume and Hugh Sloan testifies that he was asked to cover up cash payments he’d made in relation to the break in including payments to the President’s lawyer and Haldeman aide Gordon Strachan. He says he was told he was pressured to commit perjury or take the Fifth Amendment.

Wednesday, June 06, 1973

Cox meets with Nixon’s legal team and asks about the existence of a tape of a conversation between the President and Dean. Buzhardt says no such tape exists and he was likely referring to a Dictabelt.

Thursday, June 07, 1973

The New York Times John Crewdson, having obtained a copy of the Huston plan from Tom Huston himself, writes a story detailing the early workings of the plan and how it ties to Nixon’s statement on May 22.

Friday, June 08, 1973

Richardson announces he’s moving the investigation into the ITT affair to Cox’s office.

Saturday, June 09, 1973

The report of the Colson/Brookings Institute plot appears in the Post.

Monday, June 11, 1973

Cox sends a letter to the White House asking for the tape of an April 15 conversation between Dean and the President that Nixon told Assistant Attorney General Henry Peterson will exonerate him. When confronted with the request, Nixon claims he only has a Dictabelt of his recollections, not an actual tape.

Tuesday, June 12, 1973

During his testimony, Stans confirms Sloan’s account but claims he had no prior knowledge of the break-in.

Thursday, June 14, 1973

Magruder testifies at the Senate and implicates Mitchell as the head of the operation and Dean as the man behind the cover up. He says LaRue and Strachan were involved in planning the cover up, but that the President had no knowledge of the cover up. During questioning, it becomes clear that Dean is being set up to take the blame, but Magruder admits Dean took his orders from Haldeman or Ehrlichman.

Thursday, June 14, 1973

Agnew tells Nixon he’s likely going to be indicted over the bribery charges.

Saturday, June 16, 1973

Buzhardt sends a letter to Cox saying there is a Dictabelt of the April 15 meeting, but the President will not release it.

Tuesday, June 19, 1973

After looking into reports of Colson sending Hunt to the apartment of Arthur Bremer immediately following Bremer’s assassination attempt on Presidential candidate George Wallace, Woodward meets with members of Colson’s law office. The reports said Hunt was looking for anything to tie Bremer to left wing groups. Colson arrives and they all protest any link to Bremer and Hunt. They offer memos concerning the Canuck Letter, but Woodward says he isn’t interested in a trade.

Friday, June 22, 1973

Mark Felt retires from the FBI.

Monday, June 25, 1973

John Dean appears before the Senate Watergate Committee and details the “cancer on the Presidency” conversation he had with Nixon in March. He also details the inner workings of the Watergate coverup, dirty tricks, wiretapping, secret cash funds, and the Plumbers. He admits to blocking the Patman investigation. He recalls the September 15, 1972 meeting with President when he was credited for doing a good job managing the cover up saying he felt the President was well informed on all his activities prior to that meeting. Many of the details were already in the public record from Nixon’s statement on May 22.

Monday, June 25, 1973

Nixon believes he’s justified many of the activities sufficiently, however, he knows it will be his word against Dean’s. Polls later show 70% of the country believes Dean’s version.

Wednesday, June 27, 1973

Dean testifies about the existence of Nixon’s political enemies list. The goal of this list is find ways to make the lives of Nixon’s enemies more difficult.

Thursday, June 28, 1973

During the fourth day of Dean’s testimony, Senator Weicker gives an impassioned speech that as a Republican he is overwhelmed by the sheer number of accusations against the White House and believes no Republican should stand for any of them.

Thursday, June 28, 1973

Senator Howard Baker says the Dean’s testimony has been “mind boggling.” He then says, “The central question at this point is simply put. What the did the President know, and when did he know it?” Through his questioning, he hopes to paint Dean’s testimony as heresy. Dean presents a memo he himself had prepared for a meeting between Baker and Nixon regarding the Senate hearings which causes Baker to back down.

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July through September ’73>>