September 1972
While the actual break in at the Watergate didn’t occur until June 1972, the seeds of the scandal were planted in the early years of Nixon’s first term (and a case could be made they go back even farther).
Key Events
- Formation of The Plumbers
- The Pentagon Papers
“They’re gonna beat the (expletive) out of some of these people.”
–Bob Haldeman
<<July and August 1972
October 1972>>
Early September 1972
Bernstein meets with a CRP employee and she tells him that everything the reporters are doing is being tracked by CRP and she doesn’t believe the truth will ever come out. Mitchell still comes to the CRP office and directs things several days a week. One employee went back to the DA to give more information she was never asked and by that night her boss knew about it. She tells him that Fred LaRue, Herbert Porter (Scheduling Director at CRP), and Jeb Magruder all knew about the bugging or lied about what they knew to the grand jury. All three men had previously worked directly in the White House. Later the same day she calls him hysterical saying someone at CRP confronted her and to never reach out to her again.
Friday, September 01, 1972
US Attorney Earl Silbert asks the FBI to sweep his office and the grand jury room for bugs due to stories that have been appearing in the Post.
Monday, September 04, 1972
Representative Gerry Brown protests Patman’s investigation essentially letting it be known that no Republican will be assisting Patman.
Monday, September 11, 1972
Woodward and Bernstein write a story about an unnamed FBI agent who participated in the Watergate incident. (Judy Hoback later helps them the agent as Alfred Baldwin. Baldwin had been telling all to the prosecutors and became a hot interview for reporters.)
Monday, September 11, 1972
Following the Post’s article, Mark Felt sends a memo demanding that agents be cautious about who they speak to about the Watergate investigation.
Tuesday, September 12, 1972
Patman submits a report from the House Banking Committee on the Mexican money associated with the break in. He notes irregular contributions taking place on April 5 before the new campaign contribution law took effect.
Thursday, September 14, 1972
Bernstein visits the home of Judy Hoback. Bernstein had guessed correctly that she was one of the people who had gone back to the prosecutors. She worked for Hugh Sloan and Maurice Stans. After originally trying to stonewall and guess who his sources were, she begins to reveal what she knows. Bernstein asks if Stans is being set up as a fall guy, and she replies “If you could get John Mitchell, it would be beautiful,” but admits she doesn’t have hard evidence. She tells him Slone left because he didn’t want to be involved. She says Liddy and Sally Harmony both lied to the grand jury. Bernstein fishes for names, but she remains silent saying only that she had evidence but it was all destroyed. She worries that her phones are tapped because of what she knows. She tells him only about six people were involved in the payouts and mentions Magruder as one of them. He asks if she would just give him initials and she gives him L, M, and P.
Mid September 1972
Baldwin’s lawyer calls Woodward and asks for money for the story, but Woodward tells him The Post doesn’t pay for stories.
Friday, September 15, 1972
Nixon tells John Dean he’s handled the Watergate matter very well so far. Dean suggests having Gerald Ford intervene in Wright Patman’s Banking Committee investigation. Nixon is currently 34 points ahead in the polls over McGovern.
Friday, September 15, 1972
Indictments are handed down for Hunt, Liddy, and the five burglars, but there is no mention of any of the checks or slush fund. The cover up is still intact.
Saturday, September 16, 1972
Woodward reads Felt/Deep Throat a draft of a story saying high ranking officials from CRP had been involved in the paying for the Watergate break in. Felt says the payouts go beyond Watergate to “other intelligence-gathering activities.”
Sunday, September 17, 1972
Woodward and Bernstein return to Hoback’s home. She confirms Liddy was paid from the slush fund. After more prodding, she also names Magruder and Porter.
Sunday, September 17, 1972
After speaking with Hoback, Woodward calls Felt/Deep Throat who is not pleased to be contacted by phone saying Woodward is underestimating how dangerous the situation is. Felt confirms Magruder and Porter are “deeply involved” and both received more than $50,000 from the slush fund.
Sunday, September 17, 1972
Woodward convinces a press director of CRP to get Magruder to call in and try and talk them off the story. Magruder admits that he was questioned by the FBI, but it was all tossed out. Eventually the reporters decide not to say that the funds were specifically used for Watergate because they only had Felt/Deep Throat confirm it. They are determined to operate under the guideline that two sources are needed before printing allegations of illegal activity.
Monday, September 18, 1972
Almost no other media outlets pick up the story on the secret fund. Hugh Scott, the Republican leader of the Senate, remarks to Woodward and Bernstein “Nobody is paying any attention to what you’re writing.”
Monday, September 18, 1972
In the afternoon, Bernstein visits the home of Hugh Sloan, but only speaks to his wife. She is relieved that some of the details are finally coming to light. She tells Bernstein he can come back later when Hugh is home but can’t promise he’ll speak to him.
Monday, September 18, 1972
Later that evening, Bernstein returns and meets with Hugh Sloan. He doesn’t want to come forward based on advice from his lawyers, but says Liddy and Porter received close to $300,000. Sloan does not say who ordered him to make payments from the secret fund, but does say several ledgers of donations were destroyed after the break in.
Tuesday, September 19, 1972
Bernstein speaks with an FBI agent assigned to the Watergate case and reads him notes the Robert Odle, Director of Administration at CRP, had removed documents following the burglary. LaRue and Mardian had told CRP employees to avoid talking about any records being destroyed. The agitated agent says this information could only come directly from FBI files and the reporters could be in legal trouble.
Tuesday, September 19, 1972
Woodward and Bernstein write a story describing destruction of documents related to wiretapping and payments, and that Mardian and LaRue pressured individuals to avoid certain topics when questioned. Employees who were aware of what was going on were given promotions. Their editor, Harry Rosenfeld is nervous about the story since The Post was making serious charges that went beyond what was happening in the courts. CRP’s response to the story was simple, “The sources of the Washington Post are a fountain of misinformation.”
Friday, September 22, 1972
Woodward travels to New York hoping to speak to Martha Mitchell. He eventually meets with her, but she provides no valuable information.
Monday, September 25, 1972
Post reporter Marilyn Berger has drinks with Ken Clawson, the White Deputy Director of Communications (and former Post employee), and he tells her that he wrote the Canuck letter that derailed the Muskie campaign.
Wednesday, September 27, 1972
Woodward and Bernstein meet again with Sloan in attempts to nail down who controlled the secret fund. Sloan confirms Mitchell and Stans, but says he doesn’t believe Stans knew the payouts were for illegal activities. He says if someone needed money he would simply call Mitchell at the Justice Department for authorization. The reporters know this confirms Mitchell was approving funds for illegal activities while he was Attorney General of the United States. Sloan says initially Mitchell was the only authorized person, but eventually Stans and Magruder were added. The details from Sloan begin to clarify what Judy Hoback told them regarding the number of people involved – some were there to authorize payments (Mitchell, Stans, Magruder plus two unknowns) and some received payments (Porter, Liddy and Magruder). Sloan says the others did not work for CRP, but does confirm one worked at the White House and the other was not in Washington at all. The reporters are convinced the White House connection is Haldeman. Sloan does not confirm, but also does not deter that thought. Bernstein suggests Herbert Kalmbach, Nixon’s personal lawyer, as the other outside of DC, but, again, Sloan will not confirm.
Wednesday, September 27, 1972
After speaking with Sloan, Woodward calls a source in the Justice Department who confirms the information, but will not say anything about the other two names.
Wednesday, September 27, 1972
Woodward and Bernstein explains what they knew to Ben Bradlee, Executive Editor at the Washington Post, who pushes them on how certain they are on Mitchell. When they say they are definite, he tells them to write that story and worry about the other two names later.
Wednesday, September 27, 1972
Woodward and Bernstein’s story says John Mitchell controlled a secret fund used to gather information on the Democrats while he was serving as US Attorney General. Bernstein calls Mitchell for a comment, but only receives agitated responses upon hearing the story (“Jesus…Katie Graham’s gonna get her tit caught in a big fat wringer if that’s published. Good Christ!…we’re going to do a story on all of you”) The remarks were so stunning, Bernstein felt he should call Bradlee at home about how to handle it. Once Bradlee is satisfied Bernstein has done everything by the book, he tells him to go ahead with the quotes, adding “Leave everything in but ‘her tit’.”
Thursday, September 28, 1972
The Mitchell story runs in the paper and Katherine Graham asks Bernstein if he has any more messages for her.
Thursday, September 28, 1972
Bernstein receives a call from a lawyer who says his friend, Alex Shipley, an assistant attorney general of the state of Tennessee, had been invited to join a team of people whose job was to sabotage the Democratic primaries with limitless resources at their disposal.
Friday, September 29, 1972
Bernstein discusses the Shipley conversation with Howard Simons saying he believes this puts Watergate in a new perspective. If it wasn’t an isolated bugging attempt, but part of a larger strategy, it begins to make more sense. Simons sends Bernstein to find Shipley.
Friday, September 29, 1972
Despite Woodward’s lack of interest, Bernstein calls Shipley that night. Shipley says they would impersonate Democrats and cause problems for their events. He does not want to say who was offering this opportunity, but since he was a lifelong Democrat himself, he wasn’t opposed to telling his story.
Saturday, September 30, 1972
After checking with his boss (the Attorney General of Tennessee, a Democrat himself), Alex Shipley gives Bernstein the story. The man who approached him was an old Army buddy named Donald Segretti. He details Segretti’s attempts to get him to participate in the political espionage schemes they had planned. He was assured the he’d get a job in the Nixon administration after the re-election, but Shipley doesn’t have proof Segretti was working directly for Nixon. Segretti had said he was the head coordinator for the operation, and Shipley confirm Segretti travelled extensively and was well funded.
Saturday, September 30, 1972
Bernstein contacts three other potential Segretti recruits who all confirm they had conversations with Segretti, but do not provide any additional details.
Saturday, September 30, 1972
Bernstein reaches Segretti’s mother and gives his and Woodward’s phone numbers, but neglects to mention they work for the Post. Segretti calls, but when he learns who they are, he hangs up.
<<July and August 1972
October 1972>>